西汉时期，司马迁因替李陵说情而受宫刑，心中悲愤交加，写信给好友任安，诉说自己遭遇的不幸。他写道：“身非木石，独与法吏为伍”，忠心耿耿却受到如此残酷的对待，这真是大谬不然啊！他认为自己为国尽忠，却遭此冤屈，这与他心中所想完全不同，简直是天大的冤枉。这便是“大谬不然”的由来，它深刻反映了司马迁内心的苦闷与无奈，也警示着世人要明辨是非，切勿以偏概全。
xi han shiqi, sima qian yin ti li ling shuo qing er shou gong xing, xin zhong bei fen jiao jia, xie xin gei haoyou ren an, su shuo zi ji zaoyu de bu xing. ta xie dao: "shen fei mu shi, du yu fa li wei wu", zhong xin geng geng que shou dao ru ci can ku de duidai, zhe zhen shi da miu bu ran a! ta ren wei zi ji wei guo jin zhong, que zao ci yuan qu, zhe yu ta xin zhong suo xiang wan quan bu tong, jian zhi shi tian da de yuan wang. zhe bian shi "da miu bu ran" de you lai, ta shen ke fanying le sima qian nei xin de ku men yu wu nai, ye jingshi zhe shi ren yao ming bian shi fei, qie wu yi pian gai quan.