桑顿·怀尔德 Thornton Wilder Sāngdùn Huái'ěrdé

Content Introduction

中文

桑顿·怀尔德（Thornton Niven Wilder，1897年4月17日－1975年12月7日），美国剧作家、小说家，以其在戏剧和小说中对美国人文主义精神的探讨而闻名。他最著名的作品是《我们的城》（Our Town），这部三幕剧以其独特的视角和诗意的语言，描绘了一个虚构美国小镇格罗弗斯密尔斯（Grover's Corners）的日常生活，探讨了生命、爱情、死亡等永恒的主题。该剧于1938年首演，获得巨大的成功，并获得普利策奖。

怀尔德的创作深受美国文化和历史的影响，他的作品往往以其简洁的语言、深刻的主题和对人物内心情感的细腻刻画而著称。除了《我们的城》之外，他的其他重要作品还包括小说《桥上》（The Bridge of San Luis Rey），以及获得普利策奖的戏剧《我是一个女人》（The Skin of Our Teeth）。《桥上》以其精巧的结构和对命运的探讨而备受赞誉，而《我是一个女人》则以其荒诞的喜剧形式，探讨了人类文明的脆弱性和永恒的希望。

怀尔德的写作风格独特，他善于运用简洁的语言，却能表达出深刻的思想和情感。他的作品具有浓厚的人文主义色彩，关注人性，探讨生命的意义，对美国文学和戏剧的发展产生了深远的影响。他的作品常常被搬上舞台和银幕，并且至今仍被广泛阅读和研究，体现了他作为美国文学巨匠的地位。怀尔德的作品不仅在美国，而且在世界范围内都赢得了广泛的赞誉和影响。他的作品通过对平凡生活的描绘，揭示了人类共通的情感和命运，引发人们对人生和社会的深刻思考。

拼音

Sāngdùn Huái'ěrdé (Thornton Niven Wilder, 1897 nián 4 yuè 17 rì－1975 nián 12 yuè 7 rì), měiguó jù jù zuòjiā, xiǎoshuōjiā, yǐ qí zài xìjù hé xiǎoshuō zhōng duì měiguó rénwén zhǔyì jīngshen de tàn tǎo ér wénmíng. Tā zuì zhùmíng de zuòpǐn shì <>(Our Town), zhè bù sān mù jù yǐ qí dú tè de jiǎoduò hé shīyì de yǔyán, miáohuì le yīgè xūgòu měiguó xiǎozhèn gélǔfū sīmǐlèsī (Grover's Corners) de rìcháng shēnghuó, tàn tǎo le shēngmìng, àiqíng, sǐwáng děng yǒnghéng de zhǔtí. Gāi jù yú 1938 nián shǒuyǎn, huòdé le jùdà de chénggōng, bìng huòdé Pǔlìcè jiǎng.

Huái'ěrdé de chuàngzuò shēn shòu měiguó wénhuà hé lìshǐ de yǐngxiǎng, tā de zuòpǐn wǎngwǎng yǐ qí jiǎnjié de yǔyán, shēnkè de zhǔtí hé duì rénwù nèixīn qínggǎn de xìni de kèhuà ér zhùchéng. Chúle <> zhīwài, tā de qítā zhòngyào zuòpǐn hái bāokuò xiǎoshuō <>(The Bridge of San Luis Rey), yǐjí huòdé Pǔlìcè jiǎng de xìjù <>(The Skin of Our Teeth). <> yǐ qí jīngqiǎo de jiégòu hé duì mìngyùn de tàn tǎo ér bèi shòu zànyù, ér <> zé yǐ qí huāngdàn de xǐjù xíngshì, tàn tǎo le rénlèi wénmíng de cuìruò xìng hé yǒnghéng de xīwàng.

Huái'ěrdé de xiězuò fēnggé dú tè, tā shàn yú yùnyòng jiǎnjié de yǔyán, què néng biǎodá chū shēnkè de sīxiǎng hé qínggǎn. Tā de zuòpǐn jùyǒu nónghòu de rénwén zhǔyì sècǎi, guānzhù rénxìng, tàn tǎo shēngmìng de yìyì, duì měiguó wénxué hé xìjù de fāzhǎn chǎnshēng le shēnyuǎn de yǐngxiǎng. Tā de zuòpǐn chángcháng bèi bān shàng wǔtái hé yǐnmò, bìngqiě zhìjīn réng bèi guǎngfàn yùdú hé yánjiū, tǐxiàn le tā zuòwéi měiguó wénxué jùjiàng de dìwèi. Huái'ěrdé de zuòpǐn bùjǐn zài měiguó, érqiě zài shìjiè fànwéi nèi dōu yíngdé le guǎngfàn de zànyù hé yǐngxiǎng. Tā de zuòpǐn tōngguò duì píngfán shēnghuó de miáohuì, jiéshì le rénlèi gòngtōng de qínggǎn hé mìngyùn, yǐnfā rénmen duì rénshēng hé shèhuì de shēnkè sīkǎo.

English

Thornton Niven Wilder (April 17, 1897 – December 7, 1975) was an American novelist and playwright known for his exploration of American humanism in his plays and novels. His most famous work is "Our Town," a three-act play that, with its unique perspective and poetic language, depicts the daily life of the fictional American town of Grover's Corners, exploring timeless themes of life, love, and death. The play premiered in 1938 to great success and won the Pulitzer Prize.

Wilder's writing was deeply influenced by American culture and history. His works are often characterized by their concise language, profound themes, and subtle portrayal of characters' inner emotions. Besides "Our Town," his other significant works include the novel "The Bridge of San Luis Rey" and the Pulitzer Prize-winning play "The Skin of Our Teeth." "The Bridge of San Luis Rey" is highly praised for its ingenious structure and exploration of fate, while "The Skin of Our Teeth" uses absurd comedy to explore the fragility and enduring hope of human civilization.

Wilder possessed a unique writing style; he skillfully used concise language to express profound thoughts and emotions. His works are imbued with a strong humanistic spirit, focusing on humanity and exploring the meaning of life. He had a profound impact on the development of American literature and drama. His works are frequently adapted for stage and screen and are still widely read and studied today, reflecting his status as a literary giant in America. Wilder's works have earned widespread acclaim and influence not only in the United States but also internationally. Through his depiction of ordinary life, he reveals the common emotions and destinies of humanity, prompting deep reflection on life and society.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

A: 你听说过桑顿·怀尔德吗？
B: 听说过，他是美国著名的剧作家和小说家，对吧？
A: 对，他的作品《我们的城》非常有名，获得了普利策奖。
B: 我知道，那部剧以其独特的视角和叙事方式而闻名，展现了美国小镇的日常生活。
A: 没错，他的作品还反映了美国社会的一些变迁和人们的价值观。
B: 他的其他作品我也想了解一下，比如《桥上》和《我是一个女人》。
A: 你可以去图书馆或者网上查找他的作品，相信你会发现更多精彩之处。

拼音

A: nǐ tīng shuō guò sāng dùn · huái ěr dé ma?
B: tīng shuō guò, tā shì měi guó zhù míng de jù jù zuò jiā hé xiǎo shuō jiā, duì ba?
A: duì, tā de zuò pǐn <> fēi cháng yǒu míng, huò dé le pǔ lì cè jiǎng.
B: wǒ zhī dào, nà bù jù yǐ qí dú tè de jiǎo duò hé xù shì fāng shì ér wén míng, zhǎn xiàn le měi guó xiǎo zhèn de ri cháng shēng huó.
A: mèi cuò, tā de zuò pǐn hái fǎn yìng le měi guó shè huì de yī xiē biàn qiān hé rén men de jià zhí guān.
B: tā de qí tā zuò pǐn wǒ yě xiǎng liǎo jiě yī xià, bǐ rú <> hé <>.
A: nǐ kě yǐ qù tú shū guǎn huò zhě wǎng shàng chá zhǎo tā de zuò pǐn, xiāo xìn nǐ huì fā xiàn gèng duō jīng cǎi zhī chù.

English

A: Have you ever heard of Thornton Wilder?
B: Yes, I have. He's a famous American playwright and novelist, right?
A: Yes, his work "Our Town" is very famous and won the Pulitzer Prize.
B: I know, that play is famous for its unique perspective and narrative style, showing the daily life of an American town.
A: That's right, his works also reflect some changes in American society and people's values.
B: I'd also like to learn more about his other works, such as "The Bridge of San Luis Rey" and "The Skin of Our Teeth".
A: You can search for his works in the library or online, I believe you will find more wonderful things.

Cultural Background

中文

Our Town reflects the idealized American small-town life of the early 20th century, often romanticized in literature and media.

The Pulitzer Prize is a prestigious award in American literature and journalism, signifying significant artistic achievement.

Understanding the historical context of the early 20th century in America is crucial for appreciating Wilder's works, including social values, cultural trends, and the impact of industrialization and urbanization on small towns.

Advanced Expressions

中文

His literary works transcend temporal boundaries, resonating with readers across generations.

His plays subtly critique societal norms while celebrating the resilience of the human spirit.

Wilder's narratives are characterized by a profound sense of existentialism, delving into the essence of human existence.

Key Points

中文

This introduction is suitable for audiences with a basic understanding of American history and culture. For younger audiences, simplified language might be beneficial.,When discussing Thornton Wilder, emphasizing his unique style, use of poetic language, and humanist themes is crucial.,Common errors include mispronunciation of his name and oversimplifying his literary themes; strive for accuracy and nuance in your explanation.

Practice Tips

中文

Practice pronouncing Thornton Wilder's name correctly.

Discuss the themes and messages of "Our Town" in detail, exploring its universality and timelessness.

Read Wilder's other works, broadening your understanding and ability to discuss his diverse literary contributions.