保罗·沃尔克 Paul Volcker Bǎo luó · Wò ěr kè

Content Introduction

中文

保罗·沃尔克(Paul Volcker,1927年9月5日-2019年12月8日)是一位美国经济学家和公共官员,他因在20世纪70年代末和80年代初担任美联储主席期间成功地控制通货膨胀而闻名于世。在卡特总统和里根总统执政期间,沃尔克实施了紧缩性货币政策,大幅提高利率,以抑制当时肆虐美国的通货膨胀。这一政策虽然在短期内导致了高失业率和经济衰退,但也最终成功地将通货膨胀率降至两位数以下,为美国经济的长期稳定奠定了基础。沃尔克的政策被称为“沃尔克冲击”,对全球经济产生了深远的影响。他是一位备受争议但同时又备受尊崇的人物,他的经验和教训至今仍被经济学家们研究和讨论。他不仅是一位杰出的经济学家,更是一位具有远见卓识的领导者,他为美国的经济稳定和全球经济的健康发展做出了巨大的贡献,他的名字将永远铭刻在经济史册上。

拼音

bǎo luó · wò ěr kè (Pāo lǔ Vòlkěr, 1927 nián 9 yuè 5 rì — 2019 nián 12 yuè 8 rì) shì yī wèi měi guó jīng jì xué jiā hé gōng gòng guān yuán, tā yīn zài 20 shì jì 70 nián dài mò hé 80 nián dài chū dàn rèn měi lián chǔ zhǔ xí qī jiān chénggōng de kòng zhì tōng huò péng zhàng ér wén míng yú shì. zài kǎ tè zǒng tóng hé lǐ gēng zǒng tóng zhí zhèng qī jiān, wò ěr kè shí shī le jǐn suō xìng huò bì zhèng cè, dà fú tí gāo lì lǜ, yǐ yì zhì dāng shí sì nuè měi guó de tōng huò péng zhàng. zhè yī zhèng cè suīrán zài duǎn qī nèi dǎozhì le gāo shī yè lǜ hé jīng jì shuāi tuì, dàn yě zuì zhōng chénggōng de jiāng tōng huò péng zhàng lǜ jiàng zhì liǎng wèi shù yǐ xià, wèi měi guó jīng jì de cháng qī wěndìng diàn lìng le jī chǔ. wò ěr kè de zhèng cè bèi chēng wèi “wò ěr kè chōng jī”, duì quán qiú jīng jì chǎn shēng le shēn yuǎn de yǐng xiǎng. tā shì yī wèi bèi shòu zhēng yì dàn tóng shí yòu bèi shòu zūn chóng de rén wù, tā de jīng yàn hé jiàoxùn zhì jīn réng bèi jīng jì xué jiā men yánjiū hé tǎo lùn. tā bù jǐn shì yī wèi jié chū de jīng jì xué jiā, gèng shì yī wèi jù yǒu yuǎn jiàn zhuō shí de lǐng dǎo zhě, tā wèi měi guó de jīng jì wěndìng hé quán qiú jīng jì de jiànkāng fā zhǎn zuò chū le jù dà de gòngxiàn, tā de míng zì jiāng yǒng yuǎn míng kè zài jīng jì shǐ cè shang.

English

Paul Volcker (September 5, 1927 – December 8, 2019) was an American economist and public official best known for his success in controlling inflation during his tenure as Chairman of the Federal Reserve in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Under Presidents Carter and Reagan, Volcker implemented a tight monetary policy, sharply raising interest rates to curb the rampant inflation then plaguing the United States. While this policy initially led to high unemployment and recession, it ultimately succeeded in bringing inflation down to single digits, laying the groundwork for long-term economic stability. Volcker's policies, known as the "Volcker Shock," had a profound impact on the global economy. He was a controversial yet highly respected figure, and his experiences and lessons are still studied and debated by economists today. He was not only an outstanding economist but also a visionary leader who made great contributions to the economic stability of the United States and the healthy development of the global economy. His name will forever be etched in economic history.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

你知道保罗·沃尔克吗?他可是位传奇人物!

拼音

nǐ zhīdào bǎo luó · wò ěr kè ma?tā kě shì wèi chuán qí rén wù!

English

Do you know Paul Volcker? He's a legendary figure!

Dialogues 2

中文

是的,我知道。他作为美联储主席,成功地控制了通货膨胀,对美国的经济发展起到了至关重要的作用。

拼音

shì de, wǒ zhīdào. tā zuò wéi měi lián chǔ zhǔ xí, chénggōng de kòng zhì le tōng huò péng zhàng, duì měi guó de jīng jì fā zhǎn qǐ dào le zhì guān zhòng yào de zuò yòng.

English

Yes, I do. As the chairman of the Federal Reserve, he successfully controlled inflation and played a crucial role in the economic development of the United States.

Dialogues 3

中文

对,他采取的紧缩货币政策虽然在短期内造成了一些经济上的阵痛,但是从长远来看,稳定了美国经济,避免了更严重的经济危机。

拼音

duì, tā cǎiqǔ de jǐn suō huò bì zhèng cè suīrán zài duǎn qī nèi zào chéng le yī xiē jīng jì shang de zhèn tòng, dàn shì cóng cháng yuǎn lái kàn, wěndìng le měi guó jīng jì, bìmiǎn le gèng yánzhòng de jīng jì wēijī.

English

Right, the tight monetary policy he adopted caused some economic pain in the short term, but in the long run, it stabilized the US economy and avoided a more serious economic crisis.

Dialogues 4

中文

他不仅是一位杰出的经济学家,更是一位具有远见卓识的领导者,他为美国的经济稳定和全球经济的健康发展做出了巨大的贡献。

拼音

tā bù jǐn shì yī wèi jié chū de jīng jì xué jiā, gèng shì yī wèi jù yǒu yuǎn jiàn zhuō shí de lǐng dǎo zhě, tā wèi měi guó de jīng jì wěndìng hé quán qiú jīng jì de jiànkāng fā zhǎn zuò chū le jù dà de gòngxiàn.

English

He was not only an outstanding economist but also a visionary leader who made great contributions to the economic stability of the United States and the healthy development of the global economy.

Dialogues 5

中文

是的,他的经历和贡献值得我们学习和借鉴。

拼音

shì de, tā de jīng lì hé gòngxiàn zhídé wǒmen xué xí hé jiè jiàn.

English

Yes, his experience and contributions are worth learning from and emulating.

Cultural Background

中文

美联储主席是一个非常重要的职位,对美国的经济有着深远的影响。

通货膨胀是一个严重的经济问题,会降低人们的生活水平。

紧缩性货币政策是一种旨在控制通货膨胀的政策。

Advanced Expressions

中文

具有远见卓识的领导者 (a visionary leader)

奠定基础 (lay the groundwork)

深远的影响 (a profound impact)

备受争议但同时又备受尊崇 (controversial yet highly respected)

Key Points

中文

介绍保罗·沃尔克时,需要提到他作为美联储主席控制通货膨胀的功绩。,需要解释他采取的紧缩性货币政策以及其短期和长期的影响。,可以提到他的政策对美国经济以及全球经济的影响。,适用于对美国经济史、金融史感兴趣的受众。

Practice Tips

中文

多阅读关于保罗·沃尔克和20世纪70-80年代美国经济的资料。

练习用英语和中文流畅地介绍保罗·沃尔克及其贡献。

可以尝试模拟对话场景,例如与朋友或同学讨论保罗·沃尔克的生平和贡献。