富兰克林·皮尔斯 Franklin Pierce Fù lán kè lín · pí ěr sī

Content Introduction

中文

富兰克林·皮尔斯（Franklin Pierce，1804年11月23日－1869年10月8日）是美国第十四任总统（1853年－1857年）。他的总统任期被广泛认为是美国历史上最不成功的总统任期之一，主要是因为他未能有效处理导致南北战争的紧张局势。

皮尔斯出生于新罕布什尔州一个政治世家，在波士顿的鲍登学院学习法律，并在政治上迅速崛起。他曾担任众议员和参议员，因其在墨西哥战争中的军事服役而闻名。他的政治生涯充满妥协和复杂的政治联盟，这反映了当时美国社会和政治的分裂。

皮尔斯总统任期恰逢美国历史上一个极度动荡的时期，奴隶制问题成为国家分裂的主要因素。他试图通过“妥协”来解决这一问题，但最终未能成功。他的“人民的总统”形象也因其个人悲剧和政治上的软弱而蒙上阴影。其妻子珍妮·皮尔斯因马车事故去世，而其子本杰明也在他任职期间去世，这对皮尔斯总统造成了巨大的打击，并影响了他的决策。

皮尔斯总统任期内，堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案的通过进一步加剧了南北之间的紧张关系，为内战的爆发埋下了伏笔。虽然他在任期内努力维持国家的团结，但他的努力最终失败，他的总统任期成为了美国历史上一段充满遗憾的篇章，也为后来美国历史的进程留下了深刻的教训。他的总统生涯在很大程度上被他的软弱和处理奴隶制问题上的失败所定义。虽然他在任期内努力通过妥协来维护团结，但这些努力最终适得其反，加剧了南北的裂痕。

拼音

Fù lán kè lín · pí ěr sī (Franklin Pierce, 1804 nián 11 yuè 23 rì－1869 nián 10 yuè 8 rì) shì měiguó dì shí sì rèn zǒng tǒng (1853 nián－1857 nián). Tā de zǒng tǒng rèn qī bèi guǎngfàn rènwéi shì měiguó lìshǐ shàng zuì bù chénggōng de zǒng tǒng rèn qī zhī yī, zhǔyào shì yīnwèi tā wèi néng yǒuxiào chǔlǐ dǎozhì nánběi zhànzhēng de jǐnzhāng júshì.

Pí ěr sī chūshēng yú xīnhǎn bùshí'ěr zhōu yīgè zhèngzhì shìjiā, zài bōsītǎn de bào dēn xuéyuàn xuéxí fǎlǜ, bìng zài zhèngzhì shàng sùsù jué qǐ. Tā céng dāngréng zhòng yìyuán hé shēng yìyuán, yīn qí zài mòxīgē zhànzhēng zhōng de jūnshì fúyì ér wénmíng. Tā de zhèngzhì shēngyá chōngmǎn tuǒxiē hé fùzá de zhèngzhì liánméng, zhè fǎnyìng le dāngshí měiguó shèhuì hé zhèngzhì de fēnliè.

Pí ěr sī zǒng tǒng rèn qī qiàfēng měiguó lìshǐ shàng yīgè jí dù dòngdàng de shíqī, núlì zhì wèntí chéngwéi guójiā fēnliè de zhǔyào yīnsù. Tā shìtú tōngguò “tuǒxiē” lái jiějué zhè yīgè wèntí, dàn zuìzhōng wèi néng chénggōng. Tā de “rénmín de zǒng tǒng” xíngxiàng yě yīn qí gèrén bēijù hé zhèngzhì shàng de ruǎnruò ér méng shàng yǐnyǐng. qí qīzi zhēn nī · pí ěr sī yīn màchē shìgù qùshì, ér qí zǐ běnjiā míng yě zài tā rènzhí qījiān qùshì, duìyú pí ěr sī zǒng tǒng zàochéng le jùdà de dǎjī, bìng yǐngxiǎng le tā de juécè.

Pí ěr sī zǒng tǒng rèn qī nèi, kānsàsī - nèibù lā sī gǔ fǎ'àn de tōngguò zàijù gānjù le nánběi zhījiān de jǐnzhāng guānxi, wèi nèizhàn de bàofā mái xià le fúbǐ. Suīrán tā zài rèn qī nèi nǔlì wéichí guójiā de tuánjié, dàn tā de nǔlì zuìzhōng shībài, tā de zǒng tǒng rèn qī chéngwéi le měiguó lìshǐ shàng yī duàn chōngmǎn yíhàn de piānzhāng, yě wèi hòulái měiguó lìshǐ de jìnchéng liúxià le shēnkè de jiàoxùn. Tā de zǒng tǒng shēngyá zài hěn dà chéngdù shàng bèi tā de ruǎnruò hé chǔlǐ núlì zhì wèntí shàng de shībài suǒ dìngyì. Suīrán tā zài rèn qī nèi nǔlì tōngguò tuǒxiē lái wéihù tuánjié, dàn zhèxiē nǔlī zuìzhōng shìdé fǎn, gānjù le nánběi de lièhén.

English

Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) served as the 14th President of the United States (1853–1857). His presidency is widely considered one of the least successful in American history, largely due to his failure to effectively manage the escalating tensions that led to the Civil War.

Born into a political family in New Hampshire, Pierce studied law at Bowdoin College in Boston and rapidly rose through the political ranks. He served as a Representative and Senator, gaining prominence for his military service in the Mexican-American War. His political career was characterized by compromise and intricate political alliances, reflecting the divisions within American society and politics at the time.

Pierce's presidency coincided with an extremely turbulent period in American history, with the issue of slavery becoming a major factor in the nation's division. He attempted to resolve the issue through compromise, but ultimately failed. His image as a "people's president" was also tarnished by personal tragedy and perceived political weakness. The death of his wife, Jane Means Appleton Pierce, in a carriage accident and the death of his son, Benjamin, during his term deeply impacted Pierce and influenced his decision-making.

During Pierce's tenure, the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act further inflamed tensions between the North and the South, setting the stage for the outbreak of the Civil War. Although he worked to maintain national unity during his term, his efforts ultimately proved unsuccessful, leaving his presidency a chapter of regret in American history and a profound lesson for the course of subsequent events. His presidency is largely defined by his perceived weakness and failure to adequately address the issue of slavery. While he tried to maintain unity through compromise, these efforts ultimately backfired, exacerbating the divisions between North and South.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

A: 你知道富兰克林·皮尔斯吗？
B: 知道一些，他是美国第十四任总统，对吧？
A: 是的，他任期内发生了一些重要的事件，比如…（可以展开讨论内战前的政治局势）
B: 那他最终的政治遗产是什么呢？
A: 这是一个复杂的问题，有人认为他未能有效解决南北矛盾，也有人认为他为后来的政治变革奠定了基础。他的总统任期短暂而充满挑战。
B: 所以评价他需要全面考虑当时的背景？
A: 没错，要理解他的历史地位，必须结合19世纪中叶美国的政治、经济和社会背景。

拼音

A: nǐ zhīdào fù lán kè lín · pí ěr sī ma?
B: zhīdào yīxiē, tā shì měiguó dì shí sì rèn zǒng tǒng, duì ba?
A: shì de, tā rèn qī nèi fāshēng le yīxiē zhòngyào de shìjiàn, bǐrú… (kěyǐ chǎnkāi tǎolùn nèizhàn qián de zhèngzhì júshì)
B: nà tā zuì zhōng de zhèngzhì yíchǎn shì shénme ne?
A: zhè shì yīgè fùzá de wèntí, yǒurén rènwéi tā wèi néng yǒuxiào jiějué nánběi máodùn, yě yǒurén rènwéi tā wèi hòulái de zhèngzhì biàngé diànlèi le jīchǔ. tā de zǒng tǒng rèn qī duǎnzàn ér chōngmǎn tiǎozhàn.
B: suǒyǐ píngjià tā xūyào quánmiàn kǎolǜ dāngshí de bèijǐng?
A: mèicuò, yào lǐjiě tā de lìshǐ dìwèi, bìxū jiéhé shíjiǔ shìjì zhōng yè měiguó de zhèngzhì, jīngjì hé shèhuì bèijǐng.
B: wǒ kàn. xièxie ní de jiěshì.

English

A: Do you know Franklin Pierce?
B: Yes, a little. He was the 14th President of the United States, right?
A: Yes, and his presidency involved some significant events, such as… (You can discuss the political situation before the Civil War)
B: What was his ultimate political legacy?
A: That's a complex question. Some argue he failed to effectively address the growing conflict between the North and the South; others believe he laid the groundwork for later political changes. His presidency was short and challenging.
B: So judging him requires considering the context of the time?
A: Exactly. To understand his place in history, we must examine the political, economic, and social context of mid-19th century America.
B: I see. Thanks for explaining.

Cultural Background

中文

在美国历史上，富兰克林·皮尔斯总统任期被广泛认为是不成功的，这与当时美国社会和政治的极度分裂有关，以及他对奴隶制问题的处理方式。

理解他的总统任期，需要了解当时的社会背景，包括奴隶制问题、南北矛盾以及政治妥协的复杂性。

在讨论富兰克林·皮尔斯时，要避免简单的褒贬，而应客观地分析其历史作用和影响。

Advanced Expressions

中文

在讨论历史人物时，应避免使用绝对的评价，而应从多方面分析其历史地位和影响。

理解历史人物的行动，需要结合当时的社会、政治和文化背景。

可以使用比较分析的方法，将富兰克林·皮尔斯与其他美国总统进行比较，以突出其特点和局限性。

Key Points

中文

适用年龄：对美国历史、政治感兴趣的青少年和成人。,适用身份：学生、历史爱好者、教师等。,常见错误：对富兰克林·皮尔斯总统任期的评价过于简单化，缺乏对当时历史背景的分析。

Practice Tips

中文

练习用英语和汉语讨论富兰克林·皮尔斯总统任期内的重要事件。

练习用不同的角度评价富兰克林·皮尔斯总统的历史地位和影响。

练习将富兰克林·皮尔斯总统与其他美国总统进行比较。