富兰克林·D·罗斯福 Franklin D. Roosevelt Fù lán kè lín · D · luó sī fú

Content Introduction

中文

富兰克林·D·罗斯福(Franklin D. Roosevelt,1882年1月30日-1945年4月12日),美国第32任总统,是美国历史上任期最长的总统。他带领美国度过了20世纪30年代的大萧条时期,并领导美国参与了第二次世界大战。罗斯福的总统生涯以其“新政”(New Deal)而闻名,这是一系列旨在应对大萧条的政府项目和改革措施。新政包括了大规模的公共工程项目、社会保障体系的建立以及对金融体系的改革,这些举措虽然在当时引起了争议,但其对美国经济和社会结构产生了深远的影响。

在大萧条时期,美国面临着严重的经济危机,数百万美国人失业,银行倒闭,企业破产。罗斯福的新政试图通过政府干预来解决这些问题,并为美国人民提供社会保障和就业机会。他采取了积极的财政政策,增加了政府支出,以刺激经济增长。新政也强调了政府在社会福利方面的责任,例如建立了社会保障体系,为老年人、残疾人和失业者提供经济保障。

在第二次世界大战期间,罗斯福领导美国及其盟国取得了最终的胜利。他与丘吉尔和斯大林等盟国领导人密切合作,制定了战争战略,并动员了美国的经济和军事力量,为抗击法西斯主义作出了巨大贡献。珍珠港事件后,罗斯福带领美国人民克服了战争的挑战,并最终取得了胜利。罗斯福的领导力、政治智慧以及对美国人民的坚定信念,使他在美国历史上留下了深刻的印记。

拼音

Fù lán kè lín · D · luó sī fú (Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1882 nián 1 yuè 30 rì-1945 nián 4 yuè 12 rì), Měi guó dì 32 rèn zǒng tǒng, shì Měi guó lì shǐ shàng rèn qī zuì cháng de zǒng tǒng. Tā dài lǐng Měi guó dù guò le 20 shì jì 30 nián dài de dà xiāo tiáo shí qī, bìng lǐng dǎo Měi guó cān yǔ le dì èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn. Luó sī fú de zǒng tǒng shēng yá yǐ qí “xīn zhèng” (New Deal) ér wén míng, zhè shì yī xì liè zhǐ zài yìng duì dà xiāo tiáo de zhèng fǔ xiàng mù hé gǎi gé cuò shī. Xīn zhèng bāo kuò le dà guī mó de gōng gòng gōng chéng xiàng mù, shè huì bǎo zhàng tǐ xì de jiàn lì yǐ jí duì jīn róng tǐ xì de gǎi gé, zhè xiē jǔ cè suī rán zài dàn shí yǐn qǐ le zhēng yì, dàn qí duì Měi guó jīng jì hé shè huì jié gòu chǎn shēng le shēn yuǎn de yǐng xiǎng.

Zài dà xiāo tiáo shí qī, Měi guó miàn lín zhe yán zhòng de jīng jì wēi jī, shù bǎi wàn Měi guó rén shī yè, yín xíng dǎo bì, qǐ yè pò chǎn. Luó sī fú de xīn zhèng shì tú tōng guò zhèng fǔ gān yù lái jiě jué zhè xiē wèn tí, bìng wèi Měi guó rén mín tí gōng shè huì bǎo zhàng hé jiù yè jī huì. Tā cǎi qǔ le jī jí de cái zhèng zhèng cè, zēng jiā le zhèng fǔ zhī chū, yǐ cì jī jīng jì zēng zhǎng. Xīn zhèng yě qiáng diào le zhèng fǔ zài shè huì fù lí fāng miàn de zé rèn, lì rú jiàn lì le shè huì bǎo zhàng tǐ xì, wèi lǎo nián rén, cán jí rén hé shī yè zhě tí gōng jīng jì bǎo zhàng.

Zài dì èr cì shì jiè dà zhàn qī jiān, Luó sī fú lǐng dǎo Měi guó yǐ jí qí méng guó qǔ dé le zuì zhōng de shèng lì. Tā yǔ qiū jí ěr hé sī dà lín děng méng guó lǐng dǎo rén mì qiè hé zuò, zhì dìng le zhàn zhēng zhàn lǜ, bìng dòng yuán le Měi guó de jīng jì hé jūn shì lì liàng, wèi kàng jī fǎ xī sī zhǔ yì zuò chū le jù dà gòng xiàn. Zhēn zhū gǎng shì jiàn hòu, Luó sī fú dài lǐng Měi guó rén mín kè fú le zhàn zhēng de tiǎo zhàn, bìng zuì zhōng qǔ dé le shèng lì. Luó sī fú de lǐng dǎo lì, zhèng zhì zhì huì yǐ jí duì Měi guó rén mín de jiān dìng xìn niàn, shǐ tā zài Měi guó lì shǐ shàng liú xià le shēn kè de yìn jì.

English

Franklin D. Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945) served as the 32nd president of the United States, holding the office for an unprecedented four terms. He is best known for leading the nation through the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II. His presidency is synonymous with the New Deal, a series of government programs and reforms designed to combat the devastating effects of the Depression.

The New Deal encompassed massive public works projects, the establishment of a social security system, and reforms to the financial system. While controversial at the time, its impact on the American economy and social fabric remains profound. The Great Depression had plunged the United States into an unprecedented economic crisis. Millions were unemployed, banks collapsed, and businesses went bankrupt. Roosevelt's New Deal aimed to alleviate this suffering through government intervention, providing social security and job opportunities. It involved expansive fiscal policy, increasing government spending to stimulate growth. The New Deal also marked a significant expansion of the government's role in social welfare, culminating in the creation of Social Security to provide economic security for the elderly, disabled, and unemployed.

During World War II, Roosevelt led the United States and its allies to victory. Working closely with allied leaders such as Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin, he shaped war strategy and mobilized the nation's economic and military might against fascism. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, he guided the American people through the challenges of war and ultimately to triumph. Roosevelt's leadership, political acumen, and unwavering belief in the American people left an indelible mark on the nation's history.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

A: 你对富兰克林·D·罗斯福总统了解多少?
B: 我知道他带领美国度过了大萧条时期,还领导美国参与了二战。
A: 没错,他还实施了新政,对美国经济和社会产生了深远的影响。你知道新政的主要内容吗?
B: 我不太清楚具体的细节,只知道它帮助了很多失业的人民。
A: 新政包括很多方面,比如建立社会保障体系、实施公共工程项目等等,旨在刺激经济增长和社会福利。
B: 听起来很有影响力,他真是个了不起的总统。
A: 是的,他被认为是20世纪最重要的美国总统之一,他的领导力在危机时刻至关重要。

拼音

A: nǐ duì fù lán kè lín · D · luó sī fú zǒng tǒng liǎo jiě duō shao?
B: wǒ zhī dào tā dài lǐng měi guó dù guò le dà xiāo tiáo shí qī, hái lǐng dǎo měi guó cān yǔ le èr zhàn.
A: què shì, tā hái shī shí le xīn zhèng, duì měi guó jīng jì hé shè huì chǎn shēng le shēn yuǎn de yǐng xiǎng. nǐ zhī dào xīn zhèng de zhǔ yào nèi róng ma?
B: wǒ bù tài qīng chu de jù tǐ de xì jié, zhǐ zhī dào tā bāng zhù le hěn duō shī yè de rén mín.
A: xīn zhèng bāo kuò hěn duō fāng miàn, bǐ rú jiàn lì shè huì bǎo zhàng tǐ xì, shī shí gōng gòng gōng chéng xiàng mù děng děng, zhǐ zài cì jī jīng jì zēng zhǎng hé shè huì fù lí.
B: tīng qǐ lái hěn yǒu yǐng xiǎng lì, tā zhēn shì ge liǎo bù qǐ de zǒng tǒng.
A: shì de, tā bèi rèn wéi shì 20 shì jì zuì zhòng yào de měi guó zǒng tǒng zhī yī, tā de lǐng dǎo lì zài wēi jī shí kè zhì guān zhòng yào.

English

A: How much do you know about President Franklin D. Roosevelt?
B: I know he led the United States through the Great Depression and led the US into World War II.
A: That's right, he also implemented the New Deal, which had a profound impact on the American economy and society. Do you know the main contents of the New Deal?
B: I'm not very clear about the specifics, I only know that it helped a lot of unemployed people.
A: The New Deal included many aspects, such as establishing a social security system and implementing public works projects, aimed at stimulating economic growth and social welfare.
B: It sounds very influential, he was really a great president.
A: Yes, he is considered one of the most important American presidents of the 20th century, and his leadership was crucial during times of crisis.

Cultural Background

中文

“新政” (New Deal) 是理解罗斯福总统的关键,它标志着美国政府在经济和社会事务中作用的重大转变。

大萧条 (Dà Xiāo Tiáo) 是指20世纪30年代席卷全球的经济危机,对美国的影响尤为深远。

Advanced Expressions

中文

罗斯福新政对美国社会经济的影响是深远而复杂的,需要结合当时的社会背景进行解读。

罗斯福总统的领导力在二战时期发挥了至关重要的作用,促进了同盟国的胜利。

Key Points

中文

在介绍罗斯福时,应结合大萧条和二战的背景,突出其领导能力和新政的影响。,对话应自然流畅,避免生硬的翻译。,注意听众的理解能力,根据需要调整语言的难度。

Practice Tips

中文

多阅读有关罗斯福和新政的资料,加深对历史背景的理解。

与朋友或同学进行角色扮演,练习对话的流畅性和准确性。

在实际场景中运用所学知识,检验学习效果。