本杰明·班纳克 Benjamin Banneker běn jié míng bān nà kè

Content Introduction

中文

本杰明·班纳克(Benjamin Banneker，1731年11月9日－1806年10月9日)是一位非裔美国人，他以其在天文、测量和写作方面的成就而闻名于世。他出生于马里兰州一个自由黑人家庭，自学成才，掌握了天文、数学和机械制造等多方面的知识。他独立设计和制造了一个天文钟，并利用它准确预测了日食，在当时引起了轰动。

班纳克最著名的成就是参与了美国首都华盛顿特区的规划设计。他协助了法国工程师皮埃尔·夏尔·勒恩凡特（Pierre Charles L’Enfant）对首都的测量工作，并为首都的规划提供了宝贵的建议。这显示了他杰出的数学和工程才能。

此外，班纳克还著有《班纳克的历书》（Banneker's Almanac），这部历书包含了天文预测、农业信息和一些有见地的社会评论。这份历书在当时非常畅销，证明了班纳克的学术水平和影响力。

班纳克的一生是勤奋和才智的典范。在当时种族歧视严重的美国，他凭借自己的努力获得了成就，并为后世留下了宝贵的遗产。他的成就也为推动非裔美国人的权益和社会地位做出了贡献。他与第三任美国总统托马斯·杰斐逊之间关于奴隶制的通信，也展示了他勇于挑战不公正的勇气和智慧。他的故事激励着几代人，成为追求平等和知识的象征。

拼音

běn jié míng bān nà kè (Bēnjīmíng Bānnàkè, 1731 nián 11 yuè 9 rì—1806 nián 10 yuè 9 rì) shì yī wèi fēi yì měi guó rén, tā yǐ qí zài tiān wén, cè liáng hé xiě zuò fāng miàn de chéng jiù ér wén míng yú shì. tā chū shēng yú mǎ lǐ lán zhōu yīgè zì yóu hēi rén jiā tíng, zì xué chéng cái, zhǎng wò le tiān wén, shù xué hé jī xiè zhì zào děng duō fāng miàn de zhī shí. tā dú lì shè jì hé zhì zào le yīgè tiān wén zhōng, bìng lì yòng tā zhǔn què yù cè le rì shí, zài dāng shí yǐn qǐ le hōng dòng.

bān nà kè zuì zhù míng de chéng jiù shì cān yù le měi guó shǒu dū huá shèng dùn tè qū de guī huà shè jì. tā xié zhù le fà guó gōng chéng shī piē ěr · xià ěr · lè ēn fǎn tè (Piē'ěr Chá'ěr Lèēnfǎntè) duì shǒu dū de cè liáng gōng zuò, bìng wèi shǒu dū de guī huà tí gōng le bǎo guì de jiàn yì. zhè xiǎn shì le tā jié chū de shù xué hé gōng chéng cái néng.

cǐ wài, bān nà kè hái zhù yǒu《bān nà kè de lì shū》(Bānnàkè de Lìshū), zhè bù lì shū bāo hán le tiān wén yù cè, nóng yè xìn xī hé yī xiē yǒu jiàn dì de shè huì píng lùn. zhè fèn lì shū zài dāng shí fēi cháng chàng xiāo, zhèng míng le bān nà kè de xué shù shuǐ píng hé yǐng xiǎng lì.

bān nà kè de yī shēng shì qín fèn hé cái zhì de diǎn fàn. zài dāng shí zhǒng zú qí shì yán zhòng de měi guó, tā píng jì zì jǐ de nǔ lì huò dé le chéng jiù, bìng wèi hòu shì liú xià le bǎo guì de yí chǎn. tā de chéng jiù yě wèi tuī dòng fēi yì měi guó rén de qüán yì hé shè huì dì wèi zuò chū le gòng xiàn. tā yǔ dì sān rèn měi guó zǒng tǒng tuō mǎ sī · jié fù sīn zhī jiān guānyú nú lì zhì de tōng xìn, yě zhǎn shì le tā yǒng yú tiǎo zhàn bù gōng zhèng de yǒng qì hé zhì huì. tā de gù shì jī lì zhè jǐ dài rén, chéng wéi zhuī qiú píng děng hé zhī shí de xiàng zhēng.

English

Benjamin Banneker (November 9, 1731 – October 9, 1806) was an African American who achieved renown for his accomplishments in astronomy, surveying, and writing. Born to a free Black family in Maryland, he was largely self-taught, mastering astronomy, mathematics, and mechanics. He independently designed and constructed an astronomical clock, using it to accurately predict a solar eclipse, which caused a sensation at the time.

Banneker's most notable achievement was his participation in the planning and surveying of Washington, D.C. He assisted the French engineer Pierre Charles L’Enfant in surveying the capital and provided invaluable advice on its design. This demonstrates his outstanding mathematical and engineering abilities.

In addition, Banneker authored "Banneker's Almanac", which contained astronomical predictions, agricultural information, and insightful social commentary. This almanac was widely circulated, showcasing Banneker's scholarly abilities and influence.

Banneker's life exemplifies diligence and intellect. In a time of severe racial prejudice in America, he achieved greatness through his efforts and left a valuable legacy. His achievements contributed to advancing the rights and social status of African Americans. His correspondence with Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, regarding slavery displays his courage and intelligence in challenging injustice. His story has inspired generations, standing as a symbol of the pursuit of equality and knowledge.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

A: 你听说过本杰明·班纳克吗？
B: 没有，他是谁？
A: 他是一位非裔美国人，天文学家，农民，作家，和民权活动家，在18世纪末期非常有名。
B: 哇，听起来很厉害！他都做了些什么？
A: 他自己建造了一个天文钟，还准确地预测了日食。他还写了一本关于天文学和农业的书，并和托马斯·杰斐逊通信讨论奴隶制问题。
B: 这太令人印象深刻了！他为美国早期历史做出了什么贡献？
A: 他代表了早期美国非裔美国人的才智和对自由的追求，他为争取奴隶制废除做出了贡献。他的成就挑战了当时社会对非裔美国人的偏见。
B: 感谢你告诉我关于本杰明·班纳克的故事。

拼音

A: nǐ tīng shuō guò běn jié míng bān nà kè ma?
B: méi yǒu, tā shì shuí?
A: tā shì yī wèi fēi yì měi guó rén, tiān wén xué jiā, nóng mín, zuò jiā, hé mín quán huó dòng jiā, zài 18 shì jì mò qī fēi cháng yǒu míng.
B: wā, tīng qǐlái hěn lì hài! tā dōu zuò le xiē shén me?
A: tā zì jǐ jiàn zào le yī gè tiān wén zhōng, hái zhǔn què de yù cè le rì shí. tā hái xiě le yī běn guānyú tiān wén xué hé nóng yè de shū, bìng hé tuō mǎ sī jié fù sīn tōng xìn tǎo lùn nú lì zhì wèn tí.
B: zhè tài lìng rén yìn xiàng shēn kè le! tā wèi měi guó zǎo qī lì shǐ zuò chū le shén me gòng xiàn?
A: tā dài biǎo le zǎo qī měi guó fēi yì měi guó rén de cái zhì hé duì zì yóu de zhuī qiú, tā wèi zhēng qǔ nú lì zhì fèi chú zuò chū le gòng xiàn. tā de chéng jiù tiǎo zhàn le dāng shí shè huì duì fēi yì měi guó rén de piān jiàn.
B: gǎn xiè nǐ gào sù wǒ guānyú běn jié míng bān nà kè de gù shì.

English

A: Have you ever heard of Benjamin Banneker?
B: No, who is he?
A: He was an African American astronomer, farmer, writer, and civil rights activist who was quite famous in the late 18th century.
B: Wow, sounds impressive! What did he do?
A: He built his own astronomical clock and accurately predicted a solar eclipse. He also wrote a book about astronomy and agriculture, and corresponded with Thomas Jefferson about slavery.
B: That's incredibly impressive! What contributions did he make to early American history?
A: He represented the intelligence and pursuit of freedom of early African Americans and contributed to the fight for abolition. His achievements challenged the societal prejudices against African Americans of the time.
B: Thank you for telling me about Benjamin Banneker.

Cultural Background

中文

Benjamin Banneker's story highlights the contributions of African Americans to American history, challenging prevailing racial biases of the time.

His correspondence with Thomas Jefferson demonstrates the intellectual discourse surrounding slavery in the early United States.

Understanding Banneker's achievements requires context of the social and political landscape of 18th-century America, marked by slavery and inequality.

The almanac he produced was a common source of information for many, reflecting the importance of such publications in the pre-internet era.

Advanced Expressions

中文

His accomplishments were a testament to his intellectual prowess and a refutation of prevailing racist stereotypes.

Banneker's legacy continues to inspire advocacy for social justice and educational equity.

His meticulous observations and calculations were ahead of their time.

The significance of his correspondence with Jefferson lay in its frank discussion of the moral and ethical implications of slavery.

Key Points

中文

Suitable for discussions about American history, African American history, astronomy, and the abolitionist movement.,Appropriate for all ages, but the level of detail can be adjusted according to the audience's knowledge.,Avoid simplifying Banneker's achievements; highlight the complexity of his life and work in the context of his time.,Emphasize his contributions as a scientist, writer, and activist.

Practice Tips

中文

Practice recounting Banneker's life in chronological order, highlighting key events and accomplishments.

Practice comparing and contrasting his life with other prominent figures from the same era.

Use different media to enhance understanding, such as videos, pictures, and maps.

Incorporate his writings and correspondence into conversations to add depth and authenticity.