雅各布·里斯 Jacob Riis Yǎ gě bù Lǐ sī

Content Introduction

中文

雅各布·里斯(Jacob August Riis,1849年5月3日—1914年5月26日),是一位丹麦裔美国记者、社会改革家和摄影师。他以其对19世纪末纽约市贫民窟的纪实摄影而闻名,其作品深刻地揭示了美国城市贫困的残酷现实。

里斯于1849年出生于丹麦,年轻时移民美国。他在纽约的贫民窟生活了数年,亲身体验了贫困的艰辛。他开始担任记者,通过文字和摄影记录下贫民窟居民的生活状况。他使用当时新兴的闪光灯技术,拍摄了大量震撼人心的照片,展现了贫民窟的拥挤、肮脏和疾病。

里斯最著名的作品是1890年出版的《怎样住房问题》(How the Other Half Lives)。这本书以图文并茂的形式,揭露了纽约下层社会的生活状况,引起了广泛的社会关注,促进了城市住房改革和社会福利事业的发展。

里斯的摄影作品和文字报道,对美国社会产生了深远的影响。他被认为是“纪实摄影之父”之一,他的作品不仅记录了历史,更推动了社会进步。他的贡献在于,他将摄影作为一种社会工具,有效地唤起了公众对社会问题的关注,促使政府和社会采取行动,改善贫困居民的生活条件。他通过自己的努力,为美国社会正义和社会公平做出了卓越的贡献。他的经验和成就对后世从事社会调查和改革事业的人们具有重要的启迪意义。

拼音

Yǎ gě bù lǐ sī (Jacob August Riis, 1849 nián 5 yuè 3 rì—1914 nián 5 yuè 26 rì), shì yī wèi dān mài yì měi guó jì zhě, shè huì gǎi gé jiā hé shè yǐng shī. tā yǐ qí duì 19 shì jì mò niǔ yuē shì pín mǐn qū de jì shí shè yǐng ér wén míng, qí zuò pǐn shēn kè de jiē shì le měi guó chéng shì pín kùn de càn kǔ xiàn shí.

Lǐ sī yú 1849 nián chū shēng yú dān mài, nián qīng shí yí mín měi guó. tā zài niǔ yuē de pín mǐn qū shēng huó le shù nián, qīn shēn tǐ yàn le pín kùn de jiān xīn. tā kāi shǐ dàn rèn jì zhě, tōng guò wén zì hé shè yǐng jì lù xià pín mǐn qū jū mín de shēng huó zhuàng kuàng. tā shǐ yòng dāng shí xīn xīng de shǎn guāng dēng jì shù, pāi shè le dà liàng zhèn hàn rén xīn de zhào piàn, zhǎn xiàn le pín mǐn qū de yōng jǐ, āng zāng hé jí bìng.

Lǐ sī zuì zhù míng de zuò pǐn shì 1890 nián chū bǎn de 《zěn yàng zhù fáng wèntí》(How the Other Half Lives). zhè běn shū yǐ tú wén bìng mào de xíng shì, jiē lù le niǔ yuē xià céng shè huì de shēng huó zhuàng kuàng, yǐn qǐ le guǎng fàn de shè huì guān zhù, cù jìn le chéng shì zhù fáng gǎi gé hé shè huì fú lì shì yè de fā zhǎn.

Lǐ sī de shè yǐng zuò pǐn hé wén zì bào dào, duì měi guó shè huì chǎn shēng le shēn yuǎn de yǐng xiǎng. tā bèi rèn wéi shì “jì shí shè yǐng zhī fù” zhī yī, tā de zuò pǐn bù jǐn jì lù le lì shǐ, gèng tuī dòng le shè huì jìn bù. tā de gòng xiàn zài yú, tā jiāng shè yǐng zuò wéi yī zhǒng shè huì gōng jù, yǒu xiào de huàn qǐ le gōng zhòng duì shè huì wèntí de guān zhù, cù shǐ zhèng fǔ hé shè huì cǎi qǔ xíng dòng, gǎi shàn pín kùn jū mín de shēng huó tiáo jiàn. tā tōng guò zì jǐ de nǔ lì, wèi měi guó shè huì zhèng yì hé shè huì gōng píng zuò chū le zhuó yuè de gòng xiàn. tā de jīng yàn hé chéng jiù duì hòu shì cóng shì shè huì diào chá hé gǎi gé shì yè de rén men jù yǒu zhòng yào de qǐ dí yì yì.

English

Jacob August Riis (May 3, 1849 – May 26, 1914) was a Danish-American journalist, social reformer, and photographer. He is best known for his documentary photography of New York City slums in the late 19th century, which vividly depicted the harsh realities of urban poverty in America.

Born in Denmark in 1849, Riis immigrated to the United States as a young man. He lived in the slums of New York for several years, experiencing firsthand the hardships of poverty. He became a journalist, documenting the living conditions of slum dwellers through writing and photography. He utilized the then-new technology of flash photography, capturing many powerful images that showed the overcrowding, filth, and disease prevalent in the tenements.

Riis's most famous work is his 1890 book, "How the Other Half Lives." This book, which combined text and photographs, exposed the living conditions of New York's lower classes, generating widespread public attention and contributing to urban housing reform and social welfare initiatives.

Riis's photographic work and journalistic reports had a profound impact on American society. Considered one of the "fathers of documentary photography," his work not only documented history but also propelled social progress. His contribution lies in using photography as a social tool to effectively raise public awareness of social issues, prompting government and society to take action to improve the living conditions of the poor. Through his efforts, he made outstanding contributions to social justice and equity in American society. His experiences and achievements offer important inspiration to those engaged in social investigation and reform today.

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

A: 你听说过雅各布·里斯吗?
B: 没有,他是谁?
A: 他是一位丹麦裔美国记者、社会改革家和摄影师,以他对纽约贫民窟的纪实摄影而闻名。他的作品揭示了19世纪末美国城市贫困的残酷现实,促进了住房改革和社会进步。
B: 哇,听起来很有影响力!他用摄影的方式改变社会,真了不起!
A: 是啊,他的作品《怎样住房问题》对美国社会产生了深远的影响。
B: 我想了解更多关于他的信息,你能推荐一些资料吗?
A: 当然,你可以搜索他的书籍《怎样住房问题》或者查看相关的纪录片和学术论文。

拼音

A: nǐ tīng shuō guò yǎ gě bù lǐ sī ma?
B: méi yǒu, tā shì shuí?
A: tā shì yī wèi dān mài yì měi guó jì zhě, shè huì gǎi gé jiā hé shè yǐng shī, yǐ duì tā duì niǔ yuē pín mǐn qū de jì shí shè yǐng ér wén míng. tā de zuò pǐn jiē shì le 19 shì jì mò měi guó chéng shì pín kùn de càn kǔ xiàn shí, cù jìn le zhù fáng gǎi gé hé shè huì jìn bù.
B: wā, tīng qǐ lái hěn yǒu yǐng xiǎng lì! tā yòng shè yǐng de fāng shì gǎi biàn shè huì, zhēn liǎo bù qǐ!
A: shì a, tā de zuò pǐn "How the Other Half Lives" duì měi guó shè huì chǎn shēng le shēn yuǎn de yǐng xiǎng.
B: wǒ xiǎng liǎo jiě gèng duō guānyú tā de xìn xī, nǐ néng tuī jiàn yī xiē zī liào ma?
A: dāng rán, nǐ kě yǐ sōu suǒ tā de shū jì "How the Other Half Lives" huò zhě chā kàn xiāng guān de jì lù piān hé xué shù lùn wén.

English

A: Have you ever heard of Jacob Riis?
B: No, who is he?
A: He was a Danish-American journalist, social reformer, and photographer known for his documentary photography of New York City slums. His work revealed the harsh realities of urban poverty in late 19th-century America, and contributed to housing reform and social progress.
B: Wow, that sounds influential! He used photography to change society, that's amazing!
A: Yes, his book "How the Other Half Lives" had a profound impact on American society.
B: I'd like to learn more about him. Could you recommend some resources?
A: Sure, you can search for his book "How the Other Half Lives" or check out related documentaries and academic papers.

Cultural Background

中文

雅各布·里斯的摄影作品揭示了19世纪末美国城市贫困的社会问题,反映了当时的社会现实和文化背景。

在谈论雅各布·里斯时,需要了解美国19世纪末的社会背景,包括城市化、工业化、移民等因素。

了解当时贫困人口的居住状况、社会地位和生活方式,有助于更深入地理解里斯的作品和贡献。

Advanced Expressions

中文

His photojournalism was groundbreaking, not only documenting the squalor but also galvanizing social reform.

Riis’s unflinching portrayal of poverty shattered societal complacency.

His work serves as a powerful reminder of the enduring struggle for social justice and equitable housing.

Key Points

中文

适用于向他人介绍历史名人,特别是对美国历史、社会改革和摄影感兴趣的人群。,年龄适用性:高中生及以上。,身份适用性:学生、教师、历史爱好者等。,常见错误:对19世纪末美国社会背景了解不足。

Practice Tips

中文

可以结合雅各布·里斯的具体摄影作品进行讲解。

可以与其他社会改革家进行比较和对比。

可以思考雅各布·里斯的作品对当代社会的启示。