围城打援 Besiege the city and attack the reinforcements
Explanation
围城打援是一种军事战术，指以部分兵力包围敌军，诱其增援，再以主力伏击并歼灭援军。
Besieging a city and attacking reinforcements is a military tactic that involves using a portion of one's forces to surround an enemy army, luring it to send reinforcements, and then using the main force to ambush and annihilate the reinforcements.
Origin Story
公元208年，赤壁之战，曹操大军南下，围困荆州。刘备在诸葛亮的建议下，并未与曹操正面交锋，而是采取了“围魏救赵”的策略，先夺取了曹操的后方粮草，使其陷入被动。同时，周瑜率领水军，利用火攻，大破曹军。此战，刘备和孙权联军取得了辉煌的胜利。这段历史并非严格意义上的“围城打援”，但体现了以巧取胜的战略思想，在一定程度上也包含了“围城打援”的战术精髓。后世许多军事家都将此战役作为经典案例进行研究。 另一个例子是抗日战争时期，八路军经常采用游击战，灵活机动地打击日军，当敌人占领某个据点或城市后，八路军不会硬攻，而是采取围点打援的战略战术，利用敌人的增援路线进行伏击，歼灭其援军，削弱敌人的力量，从而达到战略目的。
In 208 AD, during the Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao's massive army marched south and besieged Jingzhou. Liu Bei, following Zhuge Liang's advice, did not engage Cao Cao directly, but instead adopted the strategy of "besieging Wei to rescue Zhao," first seizing Cao Cao's rear supply lines, placing him at a disadvantage. Simultaneously, Zhou Yu led the navy in a devastating fire attack, greatly weakening Cao Cao's forces. In this battle, the allied forces of Liu Bei and Sun Quan achieved a resounding victory. While not strictly "besieging the city and attacking reinforcements", this battle embodies the strategic thinking of achieving victory through cleverness, and to a certain extent, contains the tactical essence of "besieging the city and attacking reinforcements". This battle has been studied as a classic case by many military strategists throughout history.
Usage
主要用于军事领域，形容一种包围敌人并消灭其增援部队的战术。
Primarily used in the military field to describe a tactic of surrounding the enemy and annihilating their reinforcements.
Examples
-
这次战役，我军采用了围城打援的战术，取得了辉煌的胜利。
zhè cì zhànyì, wǒ jūn cǎiyòng le wéichéng dǎ yuán de zhànshù, qǔdé le huīhuáng de shènglì.
In this battle, our army adopted the tactic of besieging the city and attacking the reinforcements, achieving a glorious victory.
-
敌军企图增援被围之城，我军则利用围城打援的策略，将其歼灭。
díjūn qǐtú zēngyuán bèi wéi zhī chéng, wǒ jūn zé lìyòng wéichéng dǎ yuán de cèlüè, jīng qí jiāmiè
The enemy attempted to reinforce the besieged city, but our army used the strategy of besieging the city and attacking the reinforcements to annihilate them.