围点打援 Wéi diǎn dǎ yuán Encircle a point and strike at reinforcements

Explanation

围点打援是一种军事战术，指集中兵力围困敌人的据点，使其无法得到支援，然后集中主力攻击前来增援的敌军。

Encircling a point and attacking reinforcements is a military tactic that involves concentrating forces to besiege an enemy stronghold, preventing it from receiving support, and then concentrating main forces to attack the enemy reinforcements that arrive.

Origin Story

话说三国时期，蜀汉大将诸葛亮北伐中原，与魏军在祁山对峙。魏军据守险要之地，蜀军久攻不下。诸葛亮深知强攻难以取胜，便设计了一个巧妙的计策——围点打援。他命一部分兵马佯攻魏军主阵，吸引魏军主力，而另一部分精兵强将则秘密潜伏，伺机埋伏在魏军援军的必经之路上。魏军见蜀军佯攻，以为蜀军要强攻主阵，便调集大量兵力前来增援。当魏军援军进入预设埋伏圈时，蜀军伏兵四起，予以痛击，大获全胜。魏军援军损失惨重，士气低落，而诸葛亮乘胜追击，最终取得了祁山之战的胜利。

huì shuō sān guó shíqī, shǔ hàn dà jiàng zhū gě liàng běi fá zhōng yuán, yǔ wèi jūn zài qí shān duì zhì. wèi jūn jù shǒu xiǎnyào zhī dì, shǔ jūn jiǔ gōng bù xià. zhū gě liàng shēn zhī qiáng gōng nán yǐ qǔ shèng, biàn shè jì le yīgè qiǎomiào de jìcè —— wéi diǎn dǎ yuán. tā mìng yī bù fèn bīng mǎ yáng gōng wèi jūn zhǔ zhèn, xīyǐn wèi jūn zhǔ lì, ér lìng yī bù fèn jīng bīng qiáng jiàng zé mìmì qiǎnfú, sì jī máifú zài wèi jūn yuán jūn de bì jīng zhī lù shàng. wèi jūn jiàn shǔ jūn yáng gōng, yǐ wéi shǔ jūn yào qiáng gōng zhǔ zhèn, biàn diào jí dà liàng bīng lì lái qīng yuán. dāng wèi jūn yuán jūn jìnrù yù shè máifú quān shí, shǔ jūn fú bīng sì qǐ, yǔ yǐ tòng jī, dà huò quán shèng. wèi jūn yuán jūn sǔnshī cǎn zhòng, shì qì dī luò, ér zhū gě liàng chéng shèng zhuī jī, zuì zhōng qǔdé le qí shān zhī zhàn de shènglì.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, a prominent general of Shu Han, led a Northern Expedition to the Central Plains and faced off against the Wei army at Qishan. The Wei army held a strategic location, and the Shu army was unable to take it. Zhuge Liang knew that a direct attack would be difficult to win. Therefore, he devised a clever plan-surrounding a point and attacking reinforcements. He ordered a portion of his troops to feign an attack on the main Wei army to draw their attention. He also ordered his elite troops to lie in ambush on the path of the Wei army’s reinforcements. The Wei army, upon seeing the feigned attack, believed that Shu Han aimed to attack their main base directly and sent a large army as reinforcement. When the Wei reinforcement entered the ambush, the Shu army sprung their trap and defeated the Wei army decisively. The Wei reinforcement suffered heavy losses, their morale low, and Zhuge Liang pursued his victory and finally won the battle of Qishan.

Usage

主要用于军事领域，形容一种战术策略。

zhǔyào yòng yú jūnshì lǐngyù, xíngróng yī zhǒng zhànshù cèlüè

Mainly used in the military field to describe a tactical strategy.

Examples

• 此次战役，我军采用了围点打援的战术，取得了决定性胜利。

  cǐcì zhànyì, wǒjūn cáiyòng le wéi diǎn dǎ yuán de zhànshù, qǔdé le juédìng xìng shènglì.

  In this battle, our army adopted the tactic of besieging the point and attacking the reinforcements, achieving a decisive victory.

• 面对敌人的进攻，我们必须巧妙运用围点打援，才能有效消耗敌人的有生力量。

  miàn duì dírén de jìngōng, wǒmen bìxū qiǎomiào yòngyùn wéi diǎn dǎ yuán, cáinéng yǒuxiào xiāohào dírén de yǒushēng lìliàng

  In the face of the enemy's attack, we must cleverly use the strategy of besieging the point and attacking the reinforcements to effectively weaken the enemy's effective force.

Related Idioms

• 围三阙一

• 各个击破

Opposite Idioms

• 直接进攻

• 分散兵力