语言禁忌 Linguistic Taboos yǔyán jìnjì

Dialogues

Dialogues 1

中文

老王：李先生，您好！请问您对中国的哪些习俗比较感兴趣？
李先生：您好，王先生！我对中国的语言禁忌很感兴趣，听说有些词语不能随便说？
老王：是的，在中国，有些词语带有负面含义或与传统习俗有关，需要谨慎使用。比如，在谈论死亡或疾病时，要避免使用直接的词语，而用一些委婉的表达。
李先生：那您能举些例子吗？
老王：比如，我们不说“死”而说“去世”，“过世”或“仙逝”；不说“病”而说“不舒服”，“身体欠佳”。
李先生：原来如此，这和西方的文化习惯大相径庭。看来语言的背后也蕴含着丰富的文化内涵。
老王：您说得对。这需要在日常生活中慢慢体会。

拼音

lǎo wáng：lǐ xiānsheng，nín hǎo！qǐngwèn nín duì zhōngguó de nǎxiē xísú bǐjiào gǎn xìngqù？
lǐ xiānsheng：nín hǎo，wáng xiānsheng！wǒ duì zhōngguó de yǔyán jìnjì hěn gǎn xìngqù，tīngshuō yǒuxiē cíyǔ bù néng suíbiàn shuō？
lǎo wáng：shì de，zài zhōngguó，yǒuxiē cíyǔ dài yǒu fùmiàn hànyì huò yǔ chuántǒng xísú yǒuguān，xūyào jǐnxìn shǐyòng。bǐrú，zài tánlùn sǐwáng huò jíbìng shí，yào bìmiǎn shǐyòng zhíjiē de cíyǔ，ér yòng yīxiē wǎnqu de biǎodá。
lǐ xiānsheng：nà nín néng jǔ xiē lìzi ma？
lǎo wáng：bǐrú，wǒmen bù shuō “sǐ” ér shuō “qùshì”，“guòshì” huò “xiānshì”；bù shuō “bìng” ér shuō “bù shūfu”，“shēntǐ qiànjiā”。
lǐ xiānsheng：yuánlái rúcǐ，zhè hé xīfāng de wénhuà xíguàn dà xiāng jìngtíng。kàn lái yǔyán de bèihòu yě yùnhánzhe fēngfù de wénhuà nèihán。
lǎo wáng：nín shuō de duì。zhè xūyào zài rìcháng shēnghuó zhōng mànman tǐhuì。

English

Mr. Wang: Mr. Li, hello! Which Chinese customs are you most interested in?
Mr. Li: Hello, Mr. Wang! I'm very interested in Chinese linguistic taboos. I heard that some words cannot be used casually?
Mr. Wang: Yes, in China, some words carry negative connotations or are related to traditional customs and need to be used cautiously. For example, when talking about death or illness, avoid using direct words and use euphemisms instead.
Mr. Li: Can you give me some examples?
Mr. Wang: For example, instead of saying "dead", we say "passed away", "deceased", or "passed on"; instead of saying "sick", we say "unwell", "feeling under the weather".
Mr. Li: I see, this is quite different from Western cultural habits. It seems that language also contains rich cultural connotations.
Mr. Wang: You're right. This needs to be experienced slowly in daily life.

Dialogues 2

中文

English

undefined

Common Phrases

语言禁忌

yǔyán jìnjì

Linguistic taboos

Cultural Background

中文

在中国文化中，语言禁忌是文化传承的重要组成部分，体现了人们对生活、对死亡、对神灵等方面的敬畏和尊重。在正式场合更应注意，避免冒犯他人。

拼音

zài zhōngguó wénhuà zhōng，yǔyán jìnjì shì wénhuà chuánchéng de zhòngyào zǔchéng bùfèn，tǐxiàn le rénmen duì shēnghuó，duì sǐwáng，duì shénlíng děng fāngmiàn de jìngwèi hé zūnjìng。zài zhèngshì chǎnghé gèng yīng zhùyì，bìmiǎn màofàn tārén。

English

In Chinese culture, linguistic taboos are an important part of cultural heritage, reflecting people's reverence and respect for life, death, and spirits. It's even more important to be mindful in formal settings to avoid offending others.

Advanced Expressions

中文

委婉地表达批评和建议；巧妙地化解尴尬；运用幽默感来调节气氛；根据场合和对象灵活调整语言风格。

拼音

wěiwǎn de biǎodá pīpíng hé jiànyì；qiǎomiào de huàjiě gāngà；yòngyùn yōumò gǎn lái tiáotiáo qìfēn；gēnjù chǎnghé hé duìxiàng línghuó tiáozhěng yǔyán fēnggé。

English

Express criticism and suggestions tactfully; skillfully defuse awkward situations; use humor to lighten the mood; flexibly adjust the language style according to the occasion and the audience.

Cultural Taboos

中文

避免谈论死亡、疾病、政治敏感话题等，以及使用粗俗、不敬的语言。

拼音

bìmiǎn tánlùn sǐwáng，jíbìng，zhèngzhì mǐngǎn huàtí děng，yǐjí shǐyòng cūsú，bùjìng de yǔyán。

English

Avoid discussing death, illness, politically sensitive topics, and using vulgar or disrespectful language.

Key Points

中文

根据语境和对象选择合适的语言表达方式，避免使用带有歧义或负面含义的词语。注意场合的正式程度，在正式场合应使用更正式、更尊重的语言。

拼音

gēnjù yǔjìng hé duìxiàng xuǎnzé héshì de yǔyán biǎodá fāngshì，bìmiǎn shǐyòng dài yǒu qíyì huò fùmiàn hànyì de cíyǔ。zhùyì chǎnghé de zhèngshì chéngdù，zài zhèngshì chǎnghé yīng shǐyòng gèng zhèngshì，gèng zūnjìng de yǔyán。

English

Choose appropriate language expressions based on the context and the audience, avoiding words with ambiguous or negative meanings. Pay attention to the formality of the occasion, and use more formal and respectful language in formal settings.

Practice Tips

中文

多听、多说、多读、多写，在真实的交流环境中练习。多关注中国文化的相关知识，可以更准确地理解语言禁忌背后的文化内涵。

拼音

duō tīng，duō shuō，duō dú，duō xiě，zài zhēnshí de jiāoliú huánjìng zhōng liànxí。duō guānzhù zhōngguó wénhuà de xiāngguān zhīshì，kěyǐ gèng zhǔnquè de lǐjiě yǔyán jìnjì bèihòu de wénhuà nèihán。

English

Listen, speak, read, and write more; practice in real communication environments. Pay more attention to related knowledge of Chinese culture, and you can more accurately understand the cultural connotations behind linguistic taboos.